荷据台湾时期的台江湾军事防御体系

Taijiang Gulf Defense System during Dutch Occupation of Taiwan

荷属东印度公司弃澎湖占台湾后,为掌握对中国海上贸易的主动权、统治当地居民、抵御军事攻击,于台湾南部的台江湾内海沿岸地区构建了一套军事防御体系。这套军事防御体系主要由三部分组成:一是热兰遮城与普罗文蒂亚城两个主城堡,它们分别是荷兰殖民者在台湾的政治与商业据点,具有欧洲传统城防工事的功能与特征;二是围绕以上两个城堡构建的军事协防体系;三是整个台江湾海域的城海一体防御系统。台江湾军事防御体系是荷兰人占领台湾后构建的军事防御体系的核心,这一防御体系以城堡为核心,由城堡——协防工事——碉堡、炮台为层级关系的防御工事组成,形成城港一体、陆海防一体的军事化城堡建筑群。

After the VOC （Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie ） abandoned Penghu Islands and occupied Taiwan, the Dutch colonists established a new stronghold in southern Taiwan. The coastal Zeelandia was built as a military base and the coastal Provintia as a business center. All these were to control the initiative of China＇s maritime trade and to govern the local inhabitants. The archives involving Dutch occupied Taiwan have gradually been published, contributing to restoration of and research on the Dutch town defense and coast defense. During the Dutch occupation of Taiwan, the Dutch defense system formed a group of fortifications with different hierarchical relationships, consisting of castles, fortifications, bunkers and fort barbettes. The defense system was in effect the militarization of castle buildings, integrating town defense and harbor defense, and integrating land defense and coast defense.