埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白进化特征分析

Evolutionary characteristics of envelope glycoproteins in Ebora virus

目的研究埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白的进化和变异特征。方法从美国生物信息中心（NCBI）数据库选取1976至2014年埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白氨基酸序列100条，通过多序列比对和蛋白进化树分析埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白的进化和变异特征。结果1976至2014年，不同亚型埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白氨基酸序列间的同源性为54．00％～65．00％，同亚型包膜糖蛋白氨基酸序列同源性为95．00％～100．00％。2014年在不同地域分离到的同亚型埃博拉病毒的包膜糖蛋白氨基酸序列并不完全一致，但是变异很小，同源性达到了99．70％～100．00％。2014年来自塞拉利昂的扎伊尔一埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白氨基酸同源性达到了100．00％，但是来自几内亚的三条扎伊尔一埃博拉病毒糖蛋白氨基酸序列有一定变异。不同亚型埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白分别在进化树的不同分支上：2014年分离自塞拉利昂的扎伊尔一埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白在一大分支上；1976至2014年分离自塞拉利昂以外国家的扎伊尔一埃博拉病毒糖蛋白在另一个大分支上。结论埃博拉病毒包膜糖蛋白氨基酸变异具有时间性和地域性。2014年流行于不同地域的扎伊尔一埃博拉病毒可能是同一来源的两个不同变种，没有迹象表明不同亚型埃博拉病毒之间具有“混合杂交现象”发生。

Objective To study the evolutionary and mutant characteristics of Ebora virus envelope glycoprotein. Methods A total of 100 Ebora virus envelope glycoproteins amino acid sequences isolated during 1976 and 2014 were collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information （NCBI）. Muhiple sequence alignment and pbylogenetic tree analysis were performed to investigate the evolutionary and mutant characteristics of Ebora virus envelope glycoprotein. Results Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebora virus isolated during 1976 and 2014 showed only 54.00%-65.00% homology among different subtypes, while 95.00% -100. 000/0 homology in same subtypes. Ebola virus isolated from different regions in 2014 showed a 99.70%-100. 00% homology of glyeoprotein amino acid sequences in the same subtype. The homology of glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from Sierra Leone in 2014 was 100.00% , but three strains of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from Guinea showed diversity in glycoprotein amino acid sequences. Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebola virus with different subtypes were on different branches of phylogenetic tree. Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from Sierra Leone in 2014 were on one branch, and those of Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from other countries during 1976 and 2014 were on the another branch. Conclusions Glycoprotein amino acid sequences of Ebora virus vary with time and region. Ebola-Zaire virus isolated from different regions in 2014 may be two variants with the same origin, and “hybrid phenomenon” is not observed among virus of different subtypes.