论儿童的道德教育——基于皮亚杰的儿童道德发展理论

On Children's Moral Education——on the Basis of Piaget's Development Theory of Children's Morality

皮亚杰认为,儿童的道德发展经历了前道德阶段、权威阶段、相互对等阶段和公道阶段等四个阶段,不同年龄段的儿童在道德发展上呈现出阶段性特征;通过研究,皮亚杰认为,儿童对过失行为、说谎行为的态度以及对公正意识的认识水平,反映着他们道德观念的发展层次。因此,教育工作者在儿童的道德教育过程中,要遵循儿童道德发展的规律,尊重儿童的主体性;要以民主、合作、互动的方式引导儿童道德上的成长。

Piaget thought children ’ s moral development included 4 stages：pre-morality period , authority pe-riod,equality period and justice period .In addition , periodic characteristics appeared in the diverse stages about the children ’ s moral development .On the basis of the study , Piaget found out that children ’ s attitude about fault , lying and justice embodied their moral development level .Therefore , the educators must obey the children ’ s moral development rule ,respect their subjectivity and guide their moral development with democratic , cooperative and in-teractive method in the educating process .