超声辅助水酶法提取月见草籽油的研究

Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction Assisted by Ultrasonic of Oil from Evening Primrose Seed

月见草籽油在医药、保健及食品工业领域具有重要价值。本文对超声辅助水酶法提取月见草籽油进行了研究,采用超声及粉碎处理方式对月见草籽进行预处理,确定最佳预处理条件:超声功率300W、超声时间30min、超声温度60℃;采用Alcalase 2.4L碱性蛋白酶进行酶解,利用响应面优化试验,确定最优的月见草籽油脂提取工艺:料液比为5.4(w/w)、酶添加量为1.38(v/w)、酶解温度为62.5℃、酶解时间2.8h,响应面有最优值为84.32%;测定油脂的基本组成及相关品质指标,结果表明,不同提取方法对月见草籽油的皂化值、折射率、色泽的影响不显著,但酸值及磷脂含量均低于溶剂法月见草籽油。优化的工艺简便可行、提取率高,为超声辅助水酶法提取月见草籽油提取工艺的产业化提供理论依据。

Evening primrose had important application value in the field of medicine, health care and food industry. Aqueous enzymatic extraction assisted by ultrasonic of oil from evening primrose was studied. With total oil extraction yield as indicator, on the basis of single factor experiment, the response surface optimization experiment was carried out to determine the optimal process conditions of ultrasound pretreatment were ultrasonic power 300W, ultrasonic time 30min, ultrasonic temperature 60℃ With the best ultrasonic pretreatment meth- ods, the optimal process conditions of aqueous enzymatic extraction were a ratio of 5.4： 1 （water/sample）, enzyme addition a- mountl. 38% , enzymolysis temperature 62. 5℃, enzymolysis time 2. 8h, the highest oil yield of 84. 32% were achieved. The physicochemi- cal properties of the hexane, and enzyme extracted evening primrose seed oils were compared and no significant differences were observed in iodine value, refractive index and saponification value （ P 〉 0. 05 ） , while acid value had significantly differences. The optimized process was simple and feasible, had high extraction efficiency, which could provide theoretical basis for the extraction process of aqueous enzymatic extraction assisted by ultrasonic of oil from evening primrose.