采用主成分分析和隶属函数法综合评价14份青贮玉米品种的生产性能

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Production Performance of 14 Silage Maize Varieties by Principal Component Analysis and Subordinate Function Method

为筛选出适宜湖北地区种植的全株青贮玉米品种,采用随机区组设计,对14个青贮玉米品种的适应性、抗逆性、生物学产量和粗蛋白等指标进行研究。结果表明,明饲1号和花单1号生育期相对较长,其余品种在92-95 d。大部分品种的株高在200 cm以上;除华丰3号倒伏率较高外,其余品种几无倒伏;收获时,雅玉8号保绿度较其它品种相对较高。参试材料中,8493的鲜草和干物质产量分别为81 177.85 kg/hm2和20 044.37 kg/hm^2,均显著高于其它品种（P〈0.05）,而粗蛋白含量最高的是雅玉8号,达9.56%。对主要农艺性状、产量和品质指标进行主成分分析提取了3个主成分,累计贡献率达86.765%。结合各指标的相关性分析,选择单穗质量、干物质产量和株高3指标采用模糊数学隶属函数法进行综合评价,结果发现雅玉8号的隶属函数值最高,为0.78,其次为华玉5号,农大86表现最差。

In this experiment, 14 silage maize varieties were evaluated by randomized block design in order to select varieties of high yield and good quality suitable for planting in the middle area of Hubei Province. Their adaptability,resistance, biomass yield and crude protein were studied.The results showed that Mingsi No. 1 and Huadan No. 1 had the longer growth period and those of the other varieties were from 92 to 95 days.The height of most varieties exceeded 200 cm.All the varieties had no lodging except for Huafeng No.3.The green leaf number at harvest of Yayu No.8 was larger than the others.The fresh yield and dry matter of 8493 were respectively 81 177.85 kg/hm^2 and 20 044.37 kg/hm^2,significantly higher than those of the others （P〈0.05）. But the content of crude protein of Yayu No.8 was the highest, accounting for 9.56%.A principal component analysis was conducted on the main agronomic traits, yield and quality index and 3 principal components were obtained whose accumulated contribution rate was 86.765%.Combined with the analysis of the correlation between each index, the corn ear weight, dry matter yield and plant height were selected by using fuzzy subordinate function value analysis.The results showed that the value of Yayu No.8 was the maximum （0.78） and was the most suitable variety, followed by Huayu No.5.But Nongda No.86 showed the worst performance.