滴灌条件下穴追磷肥深度及组合对南疆枣树生长的影响

Effects of Spot Application Phosphate Fertilizer Depth on Jujube Growth under Drip Irrigation Condition in Southern Xinjiang

【目的】探讨南疆枣园滴灌条件下穴施磷肥深度对枣树生长的影响,为高效利用磷肥提供科学理论依据。【方法】以红枣为试材,设置5个不同穴追磷肥深度及组合的处理：L15R15、L25R25、L35R35、L15R25、L15R35,研究其对枣树生长发育、枣果产量与品质以及枣树营养状况的影响。【结果】L25R25单果最重、结果数最多、单株产量最大。L15R25可溶性糖含量最高。各处理叶片SPAD值无显著差异。养分含量虽有显著差异,但其差异没有明显规律可循。【结论】滴灌条件下枣树追施磷肥穴深度左右两侧均为25 cm是最有利于枣树生长的深度组合,单株产量为6.334 kg,比其余处理高出26.8%-99.6%,单果重为8.471 g,比其余处理高出7.7%-15.8%,增加收入320-1 900元/667 m^2,经济效益显著。

【Objective】To investigate the effect of phosphate fertilizer hole depth in Southern Xinjiang jujube orchards growing under drip irrigation and to provide scientific evidence for efficient utilization of phosphate fertilizer.【Method】With red dates as the test material,five different spot application depth treatments of phosphate fertilizer： L15R15,L25R25,L35R35,L15R25 and L15R35were set to research the effect on jujube growth,yield,quality and nutritional status. 【Result】The L25R25 fruit weight was the heaviest with the most number and the individual tree＇s yield was the largest. L15R25 soluble sugar content was the highest. SPAD value of each treatment showed no significant difference. Although the difference in nutrient content was significant,no regulation could be followed.【Conclusion】Under drip irrigation condition,the hole depth of spot application of phosphorus fertilizer on both sides was 25 cm,which was most conducive to the growth of jujube,the individual plant＇s yield was 6. 334 kg,26. 8%-99. 6%,higher than that of other treatments. The fruit weight of each tree was 8. 471 g,7. 7%-15. 8% higher than those by other treatment. As could be seen from the result,the increased profit of 320-1,900 RMB per 667 m2 was economically obvious.