基于数字虚拟飞行的民用飞机纵向地面操稳特性评估

Assessment of longitudinal ground stability and control for civil aircraft based on digital virtual flight testing method

针对民用飞机设计方案纵向地面操稳特性的评估需求,面向适航标准的要求,提出了一种基于数字虚拟飞行的评估方法。基于适航条例要求提出了纵向地面操稳特性的量化判定准则,建立了飞机的地面运动模型和驾驶员操纵模型,以实现起降等特定地面运行任务的数字虚拟飞行,最终依据数字虚拟飞行结果和判定准则对飞机设计方案的地面操稳特性做出评估。应用此方法研究了某大型运输类飞机的纵向地面操稳特性。数字虚拟飞行结果表明:前翻倾向的严重情况发生在起降过程的高速滑行段,主轮刹车引起的机身前翻倾向是显著的,起落架纵向定位参数设计以及飞行进近参数选择均会对飞机的纵向地面操稳特性产生影响。

In order to assess ground handling characteristics of civil aircraft during the preliminary design stage, an evalua- tion method considering the special requirements of airworthiness standard is proposed based on digital virtual flight testing. According to the context of specific airworthiness clause, limitations of aircraft ground motion parameters of importance are set up as quantitative aircraft ground handling criterion. A nonlinear aircraft ground motion model and pilot control models are established and synthesized to predict the dynamic response of aircraft while performing pilot-in-loop ground operations such as takeoff and landings. Comparing simulation results with criterion mentioned before, an assessment of airworthiness compliance is made. Finally, applying the new evaluation method, analysis of ground handling characteristics is conducted on a new type of transport aircraft during symmetric landing, and influences of wheel longitudinal location and final approach pa- rameters＇ selection on longitudinal stability and control are also delivered.