非法证据排除:真实性与合法性的较量

Exclusion of Illegally Obtained Evidence: Collisions between Authenticity and Legitimacy

在我国非法证据排除规则中,证据合法性问题往往被真实性问题所遮蔽和替代。这不符合定罪量刑的证据必须同时具备相关性、真实性和合法性的共识。非法证据排除规则的目的界定不清晰以及对"合法性"的界定不明确是造成这一现状的主要原因。要实现我国刑事司法的实体正义与程序正义,应该赋予非法证据排除规则单一目的,通过提高侦查人员的侦查能力降低口供的证明作用或者线索作用,将证据的真实性与合法性统一在证据证明的标准内。

In the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained evidence, the legitimacy of evidence is often hidden and replaced by the authenticity of evidence.This phenomenon does not conform to the consensus that con-viction and sentencing must be based on evidence that meets the requirements of relevance, legitimacy and authenticity at the same time.The main reasons are that the exclusionary rule of illegal evidence in our coun-try is not clearly defined and the legitimacy is not clearly defined.In order to realize substantive justice and procedural justice of criminal judicature in our country, single purpose should be given to the exclusionary rule of illegally obtained evidence.The unity of the authenticity of evidence and the legitimacy of evidence should be achieved through improving the investigation ability so as to reduce the function of oral confession as proofs or clues.