洪堡特语言学观的语用学分析

Pragmatic Analysis of Humboldt 's Linguistic Views

洪堡特在论述词语的客观性时,把语言本身的对话结构引入其中。这表示在洪堡特的语言学观中,语言并非只是用词语或语句来表象世界,而更是把它们用来作为进行沟通的言说。因此,洪堡特在他的语言哲学论述中已开始显现出了语用学基本理论的雏形。通过与奥斯汀的言语行为理论、哈贝马斯的普遍语用学理论和阿佩尔的先验语用学理论的对比分析,洪堡特的语言哲学在语用学方面的先见之明得以彰显,但同时也暴露了时代局限性。

When discussing the objectivity of words, Humboldt emphasized the structure of dialogue, which indicated that words could not only be the presentation of the world, but also be regarded as tools for human communication. This shows the pragmatics view of Humboldt. This article discusses the advantages and limitations of Humboldt＇s pragmatic theory by comparing Austin＇s Speech Act Theory, Habermas＇s Universal Pragmatics and Apel＇s Philosophy of Transcendental Pragmatics.