发酵花生壳对育肥猪生产性能、胴体性状、肉品质及经济效益的影响

Effect of Fermented Peanut Shell on Production Performance,Carcass Traits,Meat Quality and Economic Benefits of Fattening Pigs

本试验旨在研究发酵花生壳对育肥猪生产性能、胴体性状、肉品质及经济效益的影响。选用100头50妇左右、健康的杜×长×大三元杂交育肥猪，随机分成5组，每组4个重复，每个重复5头猪。对照组饲喂玉米一浓缩料型基础日粮，试验1-4组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加10％发酵花生壳、20％发酵花生壳、30％发酵花生壳、15％发酵玉米秸秆的试验日粮，试验期66d。结果表明，对照组及试验2、3组平均日采食量显著高于试验1、4组（P〈0．05），对照组和试验3组平均日增重显著高于试验1、4组（P〈0．05），各组间料重比差异均不显著（P〉0．05），试验1、2、3、4组腹泻频率均极显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）；各组间胴体质量、屠宰率、背膘厚度、眼肌面积差异均不显著（P〉0．05），试验2组瘦肉率显著低于对照组和试验1组（P〈0．05）；各组间大理石纹、肉色、嫩度、肌内脂肪、失水率及熟肉率差异均不显著（P〉0．05），但试验1、2、3、4组失水率低于对照组，差异不显著（P〉0．05）；根据经济效益分析表明，在育肥猪从50～90kg阶段，对照组每头猪平均盈利47．60元，试验1、2、3、4组每头猪平均盈利分别为56．40、60．40、78．80、58．80元，其中试验3组最优。综合上述的分析结果可知，发酵花生壳对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质无不良影响，且能有效地降低育肥猪的腹泻频率，提高猪肉的系水力，适当的添加可有效地降低饲养成本，提高经济效益。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented peanut shell on production performance,carcass traits9 meat quality and economic benefits of fattening pigs. 100 fattening pigs （Duroc× Landrace× Yorkshire） with an average weight of 50 kg were randomly di- vided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 5 pigs per replicate. The control group was fed with corn-concentrates-based feed,groups 1 to 4 were fed with the basal diets supplemented with10 % fermented peanut shell, 20 % fermented peanut shell, 30 %fermented peanut shell and 15 % fermentation of corn stalk, respectively. The trial lasted for 66 days. The results showed that ADFI in control group, group 2 and group 3 were significantly higher than that in group 1 and group 4 （P〈0.05）, ADG in control group and group 3 were significantly higher than that in group 1 and group 4 （P〈0.05） ,there was no significant difference in F/G among all groups （P〉 0.05）. Diarrhea frequencies in groups 1 to 4 were extremely significantly lower than that in con- trol group （P〈0.01）. There were no significant differences in carcass quality, slaughter rate, backfat thickness and eye muscle area among all groups （P〉0.05） ,lean meat percentage in group 2 was significantly lower than that in control group and group 1 （P〈0.05）. There were no signif- icant differences in marbling, meat color, tenderness, intramuscular fat, water loss and cooked meat percentage among all groups （P〉0.05） ,water losses in groups 1 to 4 were lower than that in control group,but the differences were not significant （P〉0.05）. According to the economic benefit analysis showed that in pig from 50 to 90 kg, average profit of each pig in control group was 47.60 yuan,average profits of each pig in groups 1 to 4 were respectively 56.40,60.40,78.80 and 58.80 yuan,while group 3 was optimal. Based on the analysis of the above result,the fermen- ted peanut shell had no bad effect on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of pigs, and it could effectively reduce the diarrhea frequency of pigs, improve the system of hydraulic of pork,when the fermented peanut shells were appropriatly applied in pigs feed,which could effec- tively reduce the breeding cost, and improve the economic benefit.