试论宋代占城稻在我国的推广与影响

Promotion and Influence of Champa Rice of the Song Dynasty in Our Country

宋代引入的占城稻是中国古代典型的外来农作物品种。在唐末传入我国后,经宋朝政府的大力推广,兼之自身的优良品性,逐步发展为长江流域居主体地位的粮食作物,并相继演化出众多优良的新品种。占城稻的出现,变革了长江流域的耕作制度,传统的单季复种制渐为制稻麦复种制和双季稻所替代,在很大程度上缓解了人口增长带来的粮食压力,起到了维持社会稳定的作用。

The introduction of Champa rice in Song Dynasty is the typical foreign crop variety in ancient China. It was introduced into China in the late Tang. With the vigorous promotion by the Song Dynasty and its own superior qualities, it was then developed into the dominant crop in Yangtze river basin and had evolved in a wide range of new varieties. The rise of Champa rice changed the farming system in Yantze river basin. The traditional single cropping system was gradually replaced by the rice and wheat cropping system and double rice cropping system, which to a large extent alleviated the food pressure with population growth and played the role in maintaining the social stability.