叶用芥菜种质表型性状的遗传多样性分析

Diversity Analysis of Leaf Mustard Germplasms Based on Phenotypic Traits

为有效利用叶用芥菜种质资源,对筛选出的24份叶用芥菜品系资源的11个表型性状,应用相关系数、聚类分析和主成分分析等多元统计方法进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:叶用芥菜种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性;11个表型性状平均变异系数为44.74%,叶片数的变异系数最大,为150.80%;净菜率变异系数最小,仅为9.54%。通过系统聚类,将参试的24份品系分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群有14份材料,第Ⅱ类群有5份材料,第Ⅲ类群有5份材料,各类群性状之间的差异较明显,明确了品系类群间存在的亲缘关系。在主成分分析中,可选取方差累计贡献率为86.62%的前5个主成分来评价24份叶用芥菜品系资源。本研究揭示了叶用芥菜不同品系的表型特异性和遗传多样性,筛选出一些特异品系资源,为高产优质叶用芥菜新品种(系)的选育提供重要的科学依据。

To evaluate 30 leaf mustard germplasms, 11 phenotypic traits were investigated and measured. The data were analyzed by cluster analysis and principal component analysis to study the genetic diversity. The results showed that the average coefficient of variation of 11 phenotypic traits was 44.74%, leaf number was the largest and the coefficient of variation was 150.80%, and the smallest coefficient of variation of the percentage of net vegetable was 9.54%. 24 leaf mustard germplasms were divided into three categories through cluster analysis and there was a wide genetic distance between each categories. The 11 phenotypic traits were consolidated into 5 principal components which accounted for 86.62% of total cuhivars. The results clearly defined the phenotypic specificity and genetic diversity of leaf mustard germplasms,which screened some specific leaf mustard resources to provide the basis for the higher yields and improved quality breeding.