基于GIS与Fragstats的海南岛森林景观格局研究

Study on forest landscape patterns based on GIS and FRATSTATS in Hainan province

基于海南省森林资源二类调查数据,运用Fragstats在Arc GIS平台下进行多个景观指数计算,对海南岛森林景观格局进行分析和研究。研究结果表明:1)海南岛森林景观格局以人工林、农地和天然林3种景观类型为主,斑块面积高达89%,是海南岛的优势景观类型,也是维持区域生态系统稳定的决定因素;2)天然林分布以海南岛中部地区的白沙、五指山、琼中、乐东等市县的面积最大,最大斑块指数也较高,该地区的天然林基本保持原始植被状态,集中连片,面积较大,而沿海较发达的市县则天然林景观指数较低;3)部分市县的城市化发展水平较高,森林破碎化程度较高,城市建设呈多中心分散分布。

Based on the data from the second type inventory of forest resources, through calculating multiple landscape indices by using ArcGIS and Fragstats, the forest landscape arrangements in Hainan province were investigated and studied. The results show that （1） Plantation, farmland and natural forest are the main landscape type in Hainan, accounting for 89%of the total area, and they are the key factors to maintain regional ecosystem balance and ecological security;（2） Natural forests mainly distributed in Baisa, Wuzhishan, Qiongzhong and Ledong cities or counties, the regions had high LPI and low NP, this means that natural forests in the areas remained primitive vegetation state, being distributed in flakes centralized and large contiguous area, while the coastal developed counties had low landscape pattern indexes;（3） Some counties had a rapid urbanization, the forests were fragmented, the city development showed a multi-center scattered distribution pattern.