溶磷白地霉P14(Galactomyces geotrichum P14)的分离鉴定及其溶磷特性研究

Isolation,identification and degradation characteristics of a novel phosphate-dissolving fungus strain Galactomyces geotrichum P14

从湖南浏阳磷矿厂周边的红壤土中筛选分离到一株具有高效溶磷能力的真菌P14,结合菌株形态、生理生化结果和18S r DNA序列同源性分析,结果显示真菌P14与白地霉属处于一个分支,将其命名为溶磷白地霉P14(Galactomyces geotrichum P14)。真菌P14能溶解磷酸三钙、硫酸锌、羟基磷灰石等,特别是对磷酸三钙的溶磷量(P2O5)最高,达1 252.1 mg·L-1。溶磷白地霉P14对不同产地的5种磷矿石溶解度不同,对湖南浏阳、云南晋宁、湖南石门的磷矿石溶解能力较强,溶磷量分别为105.52,83.04,78.82 mg·L-1,而对四川雅安、湖南沅陵的磷矿石溶解效果较差。

A phosphate-dissolving fungus strain P14 was isolated from soil samples of Liuyang County （ Hunan Province, China）. The isolate was identified as Galactomyces geotrichum P14 based on its 18S rDNA sequence, morphological physiological and biochemical characteristics. Its activity was measured in solid media as well as liquid media using different phosphate sources including tricalcium phosphate, zinc phosphate, hydroxyapatite and so on. It could strongly dissolve 1 252. 1 mg tricalcium phosphate in per liter liquid media. It showed high phosphate-dissolving ability for rock phosphates from Liuyang County, Jinning County and Shimen County with the capacity of 105.52, 83.04 and 78.82 mg soluble phosphate, respectively, per liter medium, whereas the phosphate-dissolving ability of rock phosphates from Yuanling County and Ya＇an County was weak.