利用基因工程技术提高水稻耐冷性的研究进展

Progress on improving rice cold tolerance by genetic engineering

随着低温灾害发生频率增加,水稻耐冷育种研究已经成为保障水稻生产的一个重要内容,利用基因工程技术提高水稻耐冷性是一条优于传统育种的有效途径。根据低温信号转导途径,将耐冷基因分为三类:蛋白激酶(CDPK,MAPK等)基因、转录因子(ICE1/ICE-like,CBF/DREB,MYB等)基因、功能基因(合成渗透调节物质基因、脂肪酸去饱和代谢关键酶基因等),文章全面详细地阐述了这三类基因在水稻耐冷基因工程育种中应用的最新研究进展,并提出了该领域尚存在的一些问题。

With the increase of frequency of low temperature disaster, cold tolerance in rice breeding became an important content of rice production. It is an effective way to improve rice cold tolerance by genetic engineering compared with the conventional breeding methods. The cold tolerance genes can be divided into three kinds acceding to the low temperature signal transduetion pathway, which are protein kinase （CDPK, MAPK, etc）genes, transeripten factors（ ICE1/ICE-like, CBF/DREB, MYB,etc）, and functional genes that involved in biosynthesis of osmotic substances, encoding fatty acid desaturation enzyme and so on. This paper systematically and comprehensively elaborated the application of cold tolerance genes in rice cold tolerance genetic engineering, and put forward some problems in this field.