旅游目的地居民影响感知研究——基于2种调研方法的阳朔实证

The Residents' Perception of the Tourism Influences on Tourism Destination:An Empirical Study of Yangshuo Based on Two Styles of Questionnaire

以桂林市阳朔为例,借助传统的问卷调研法和模糊统计法,对阳朔居民旅游发展的影响感知进行了比较调研,发现阳朔当地居民对旅游影响的积极感知强于消极感知.尤其对旅游发展带来的社会经济和文化的影响持有更多的肯定态度,对旅游带来的经济效益的增长感到满意.2种问卷方法均支持了居民对社会文化的感知较为统一,分歧较少,几乎没有矛盾感知.但是,对社会经济方面的感知,传统问卷方法显示出居民既肯定旅游发展的积极一面,也对消极选项的感知明显.模糊问卷结果显示出居民在环境影响感知方面最为矛盾,关注度最高.传统问卷方法发现了居民对旅游发展使当地污染增多的态度不一,分歧最大,且原因不明.借助模糊统计问卷方法的分析,得知旅游季节性因素是造成居民感知不一的主要原因.2种调研方法的使用能让调研结论更能接近居民的真实感知,为政府了解旅游带来的社会影响,制定旅游规划提供理论支持.

A case from Guiling Yanshuo is studied, with the help of two different investigations＇ way, which is fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and traditional questionnaire. Yangshuo residents＇ perception of the tourism influences is investigated. It is concluded that： residents＇ positive pereeption is stronger than their passive perception; especially they agree to the economy and cultural effeet. Residents satisfied with the tourist economical benefit. Both of two investigations support this conclusion that residents have common cognition manner to the traveling influenee of cultural effect. They think development of the tourism can bring cultural advance. However, the residents＇ perception on the economy is divergent. First, the residents agree that the positive effect as same as the passive effect by the traditional questionnaire; the residents＇ environmental perception is the most vague and sensitive by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Second, residents had a different perception of the tourism bringing more pollution by the traditional questionnaire, but the reason is not found. While using the fuzzy questionnaire, tourism seasonal effect is found as the reason. In the tourism busy season, environmental pollution is serious; on the other hand, environment becomes better in off-season. Using two different investigations and surveys can make the conclusion is close to the residents＇ real perception. The obtained results have the practical significance to formulate the reasonable traveling development policy and also have important theoretieal signifieanee to promote sustainable development of tourism.