我国竞技体育优势项目形成与发展的历史演进

Formation and Development History of Advantageous Events in China Competitive Sports

我国竞技体育的可持续发展得益于具备持久竞争优势的项目做保障。通过历史研究方法、访谈法以及资料分析的方法,对优势项目形成和发展的历史脉络进行梳理。研究认为:优势项目的历史演进可划分为引进酝酿阶段、停滞复苏阶段、探索发展阶段和稳定成熟阶段四个相互联系的发展阶段。优势项目是我国在特定历史时期满足国家竞技体育战略需求,以优势项目优先发展从而带动其他项目实现全面发展策略,符合客观发展规律应运而生的项目群。优势项目发展得益于制度的推动,形成路径依赖的发展惯性,保证了优势项目的良性发展。优势项目的发展也是自我构建,积累优势资源,在形成发展过程中不断建立竞争优势,巩固竞争优势地位的过程。

The sustainable development of competitive sports in China benefits from its lasting advantageous events. This research teased the formation and development history of these advantageous events by the methods of historical research, interview and literature review. Conclusions： The history of advantageous event in China can be divided into brewing stage, stagnation and recovery stage, development stage, and mature stage. Advantageous event is the one to meet China competitive sports＇ need, to drive the development of other events for achieving full development of competitive sports, and it is in line with objective law. The development of advantageous event benefits from system, and it is on autopilot way, which ensured it is healthy. Development of advantageous event is the process of constructing itself, accumulating good resource, establishing its dominant position, and consolidating competitive advantage.