农村精准扶贫:理论基础与实践情势探析——兼论复合型扶贫治理体系的建构

Rural Precise Poverty Alleviation:Analysis on Theoretical Bases and Practical Situations——Also on Compound Poverty Governance System Building

精准扶贫,是在农村扶贫开发中实施精确识别、联动帮扶、分类管理、动态考核以及相关配套措施的减贫、治贫方式。目前,精准扶贫面临五大实施困境:"层级式"纵向识别与"水平式"横向识别的矛盾、政府管理与村民自治的矛盾、政府主导与社会参与的矛盾、脱贫退出与返贫再生的矛盾、"输血式"短期扶贫与"造血式"常态效应的矛盾。为此,必须通过机制创新,建构复合型扶贫治理体系,以生发精准扶贫可持续发展的常态效应。

Precise Poverty Alleviation is a poverty reduction and anti-poverty mode ,w hich includes accurate identification , linkage helps , classification management , dynamic assessment and other measures in rural poverty alleviation and rural development .At present Precise Poverty Alleviation faces five major difficulties as follow s ：contradictions betw een hierarchical vertical identification and horizontal crosswise recognition;contradictions between governmental administration and villagers’ autonomy ;contradictions between governmental leadership and social participation ;contradictions between exit out of poverty and poverty regeneration;and contradictions between Blood-transf usion-typed short-term poverty alleviation and Hematopoietic normal effect .Therefore ,we must strengthen the mechanism innovation and construct a compound poverty governance system in order to form a normal effect of sustainable development of Precise Poverty Alleviation .