2型糖尿病认知功能障碍神经影像学研究进展

Advances in Neuroimage on Cognitive Impairments with Type2 Diabetes

2型糖尿病（T2DM）认知功能障碍以记忆力下降为主要表现，是T2DM脑损伤的一种表现形式。目前通过神经影像学检查已可直接探测出T2DM患者脑损伤：脑部磁共振平扫发现T2DM患者记忆障碍与脑萎缩（特别是海马萎缩）有关，通过弥散张量成像（DTI）可发现其存在广泛的脑白质连接异常；功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）发现其海马和周围的脑区之间连接减少；脑电图（EEG）研究发现T2DM患者对刺激信号的反应时间延长、警觉性和注意力明显下降。这些神经影像学研究有助于进一步阐明糖尿病脑病机制。

Type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） cognitive impairments are most frequently related to memory. Currently neuroimage researches can detect brain damage directly in the patients with T2DM. MRI brain scan may indicate that memory impairments arc as- sociated with atrophy of the global brain and hippocampal area in the patients with T2DM. And diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） can detect its presence extensive abnormal white matter connections seen in further study. Functional imaging data has corroborates these findings, with functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI） suggesting connectivity reduced between the hippocampus and surround- ing brain regions. Electroencephalogram （EEG） findings in the patients with T2DM have revealed their longer stimulus signal reaction time, worse alertness and attention remarkable. These neuroimage studies help to further elucidate the mechanism of diabetic encepha- lopathy.