佛罗里达鳖与中华鳖不同部位营养成分的比较分析

Comparison and analysis of nutritional composition in different tissues of Florida Soft- shelled Turtle( Apalone ferox)and Chinese Soft- shelled Turtle( Pelodiscus sinensis)

对佛罗里达鳖(Apalone ferox)与中华鳖(Pelodiscus sinensis)的肌肉、裙边与脂肪组织的营养成分进行分析比较。结果表明:佛罗里达鳖肌肉组织中的粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量显著低于中华鳖(p<0.05)。佛罗里达鳖裙边组织中的粗蛋白与粗脂肪含量显著高于中华鳖(p<0.05)。佛罗里达鳖肌肉组织中的必需氨基酸(EAA)含量和药效氨基酸(PAA)含量显著低于中华鳖(p<0.05)。佛罗里达鳖裙边组织中的总氨基酸(TAA)含量、鲜味氨基酸(DAA)含量、PAA含量均显著高于中华鳖(p<0.05)。在肌肉组织和裙边组织中,佛罗里达鳖的氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)和必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)均小于中华鳖。佛罗里达鳖肌肉组织和脂肪组织中的脂肪酸种类和多不饱和脂肪酸总量少于中华鳖(p<0.05)。可知,佛罗里达鳖与中华鳖的肌肉组织和裙边组织中的氨基酸组成均衡,均属优质蛋白质。佛罗里达鳖肌肉、裙边和脂肪组织的营养价值和食疗价值低于中华鳖,但其裙边组织的食用风味优于中华鳖。

The nutrients in muscle ,skirt and fatty tissues of Florida soft-shelled turtles(Apa/one ferox)and Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis)were determined. The results showed that protein contents and fat contents in muscle of Florida soft-shelled turtle were significantly lower than those of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle.However ,the protein contents and fatty contents in skirt tissue were significantly higher than those of the Chinese soft- shelled turtle ( p < 0.05 ). The essential amino acids (EAA) contents and pharmacodynamic amino acids(PAA) in muscle of Florida soft-shelled turtles were significantly lower than that of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle ( p < 0.05 ).In the skirt tissue, the content of total amino acids ( TAA), delicious amino acids (DAA) and PAA of the Florida soft-shelled turtles were significant higher than those of the Chinese soft-shelled turtles( p < 0.05). In the muscle and skirt tissue ,the AAS , CS and EAAI of the Florida soft-shell turtle were lower than those of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle.The kinds of fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids content in muscle and fatty tissues of Florida-soft-shelled turtles were significant lower than that of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle(p <0.05). Therefore,the nutrients in muscle and skirt tissue of Florida soft-shelled turtle and Chinese soft-shelled turtle were relatively balanced and all of them were the high quality protein.The nutritional value and nutritional therapy value in muscle and skirt of Florida soft-shelled turtle were lower than those of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle, however, the flavour in skirt issue of Florida soft-shelled turtle was better than the Chinese soft-shelled turtle.