论奥尼尔的悲剧观

奥尼尔认为悲剧与悲观主义无关,与作者的痛苦经历和社会的悲惨状态也没有直接的联系,是主人公不愿意和现实妥协,并将奋斗推到极限的结果,体现了最大价值的实现;他的悲剧注重终极关怀,但并不试图在上帝那里寻找安慰,而是回到人的潜意识,将作品变成灵魂的戏剧;表现主义和象征主义是展示人的心灵的好方法,可以超越只重事实的现实主义;人物内心世界非常复杂,大多数意识和无意识长期隐藏于深处,一旦公开揭示出来,有时显得不正常。

Eugene O＇Neill thinks that tragedy, which is not pessimistic, is hardly related to the miserable condition of the author and the society, and that the uncompromising hero is willing to push the struggle to the extreme to maximize his value in the climax; he focuses on the ultimacy, by referring to the unconsciousness, instead of god, and thus turns his works into a drama of souls; expressionism and symbolism, which transcend the fact of realism, are the best media for the drama of souls; the complicated inner world has a lot of consciousness and unconsciousness, which are often hidden, and they may appear strange when revealed in public.