中韩诗文中的三笑题咏

Poetic Comments on San Xiao in Ancient Literatures of China and Korea

据旧题晋无名氏所撰《莲社高贤传》载,慧远雅重陶渊明与陆修静,打破“送客不过虎溪”的惯例,“语道契合,不觉过溪,因相与大笑”。尽管不乏学者对这类逸闻的真实性表示怀疑,但唐宋以来“虎溪三笑”不时出现在艺术家笔下,成为诗文或绘画中的有趣题材。这一题材也受到海东艺术家与文学家的关注,不仅引来丹青摹绘,还出现诗文题咏。他们或向往“一笑乾坤窄”的“千古风流”,或追究三贤是否“同调”,或解析慧远“破戒”之因,诸多题旨既可形成与中国相关诗文的参照,也可反映域外文学家对慧远等三贤的评价意见。

There existed an anecdote, in the anonymous Biographies of Wise Men, about Huiyuan treating Tao Yuanming and Lu Xiujing as honored guests and seeing them off across the Tiger Stream against the usual practice while laughingly talking about the truth. Though some scholars cast doubt upon its truth, the anecdote became material for art and literature since the Tang and Song dynasties. This theme has also drawn attention of artists and Sino-literature writers in Korea and their works based on the theme offer interesting references and valuable comments upon the three wise men.