寒地水稻秸秆直接还田技术

Research on the Technique of Returning Rice Straw to Field in Cold Region

针对哈尔滨市稻田养分严重亏缺的问题,通过水稻收割机配套秸秆粉碎装置或留高茬的方式,利用高速打浆机耙田作业,结合水稻泡田和氮肥运筹等农艺措施,实现了在正常水稻生产情况下的水稻秸秆全部还田,缓解了有机质含量下降和养分缺乏等水稻田土壤退化带来的压力。试验示范结果表明,水稻秸秆全量还田可以达到7.2%以上的增产效果,连续3年还田能使土壤有机质约提高0.6 g/kg。

For solving the problem of nutrient deficiency of rice field in Harbin, the technique of returning rice straw to field was de- veloped in cold regions. The technique can reduce the stress of soil degradation. The demonstration results indicated that the rice yield was increased by 7.2% at least after returning total rice staws to field, and the soil organic matters was increased by roughly 0.6 g/kg for three consecutive years.