香港社区词的造词法研究

A study of the community-related word formation in Hong Kong

本文讨论香港社区词的造词法,揭示香港造词法的类型系统,进而比较其与现代汉语普通话造词法的异同。认为香港社区词造词法的类型主要有:比喻、借代、特指、讳称、类推、说明、简缩、译介等。跟现代汉语普通话的造词法相对应的有:比喻、借代、特指、说明、简缩等;不对应的有:类推、俗称、又称、泛化。不一致不对应的原因在于:现代汉语词汇规范化,而香港社区词的产生更多地受到地域文化多元性的影响,使其词汇系统具有更大的包容性。香港社区词也因此而具有理据性更鲜明更突出、地域文化色彩更浓厚的特点。

This paper discusses the community-related word formation and its types in Hong Kong, and compares its methods with those of modern Chinese mandarin in order to reveal their similarities and differences.It concludes that the types of the community-related word formation in Hong Kong include the following：metaphor,metonymy,referent,illustration,abbreviation,euphemism,analo-gy,translation,etc.,of which their counterparts in modern Mandarin include the first five,while there are no equivalents to analogy,trivial name,name substitution and generalization in modern Chi-nese.The causes of such differences are related to the following：modern Chinese is more standard-ized,while the community-related word formation in Hong Kong is under the stronger influence of the regional cultural diversity and its lexical system is more inclusive.Thus,the community-related words in Hong Kong are more motivation-related and have a typical regional color.