康德道德主体的有限性内涵

The meaning of finiteness in Kant's moral subject

本文遵循康德道德批判的思路,从道德法则形式性的根源,自律原则的自"律"与"自"律内涵,道德法则决定善恶对象的限度,敬重感对道德主体感性情感的贬损,德福双至的希望所需要的悬设,以及实现至善的时间性和历史性等方面,充分展示了掩藏在康德道德批判主旋律之下的对道德主体有限性的深刻揭示,这种揭示有助于我们丰富对康德哲学的理解,防范各种形式的道德狂热,反思当今主体的过渡建构所带来的困惑。

Following Kant’s moral philosophy,the paper discusses the formalistic origin of the moral law,the implications of “self”and “discipline”in the self-discipline,the limits of the moral law to good and evil,the degradation of respect for the sentiment of the moral subject,the postulation for the realization of morals and happiness,the temporality and historicality of realizing the highest Good,and reveals the finiteness of Kant’s moral subject embodied in Kant’s critique of morals, which can help us have a better understanding of Kant’s philosophy and more reflections on the puzzl-ement induced by the over-emphasis of the subject,and avoid various kinds of moral fanaticism.