建设性后现代视域下的地质公园

Geological Parks from the Perspective of Constructive Postmodernism

现代地质公园的管理内涵已经大大超越了地质、地理遗产保护的范畴,它正在朝着复杂的、多学科的和基于生物发展过程的方向快速发展。无论是生态旅游还是环境教育,其根本目标就是保护自然生态和生物的进化过程以及物种的多样性(生态价值),保护土地与自然资源、文化遗产与文化传统以及拥有最好的自然之美。中国等许多国家的地质公园,越来越多地被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产保护名单。国家级和世界级的地质公园又可称之为自然公园或文化遗产、森林保护区、历史名胜或者文化遗址。但当公园管理者为了促进地质公园的可持续发展而试图与各种商业投机者建立友好的合作关系或建设性伙伴关系时,地质公园就有可能在管理目标、管理方法等问题上产生多种困扰和矛盾,这就需要协调各方以化解矛盾,优化地质公园的目标和方法管理。

The management of modern geological parks has extended beyond the conservation of geology and geogra- phy, oriented towards complicated and multi-disciplinary biological development. The basic target, both ecological tourism and environmental education, is to protect the natural ecology and biological evolution as well as the diver- sity of species, to protect land and natural resources, cultural heritage and tradition, and possess the best natural beauty. More and more world-class geological parks in China have been enlisted as the world heritage protection by UNESCO. These world-class and national geological parks can also be regarded as either natural parks, cultural heritages, forest reserves, historical places of interest or cultural relics. However, when park managers attempt to establish friendly cooperative relations or constructive partnership with various commercial speculators so as to pro- mote the sustainable development, different kinds of problems may arise in the management targets and methods, which calls for coordination and optimization of their targets and management.