缺血性脑白质病变的研究进展

Research progress of ischemic white matter lesions

随着科学技术的发展,影像学发展突飞猛进,以往不能检测出来的较小或不明显病灶,现在都能够清楚地显示出来。其中近年来引起患者、临床医师及医学研究者高度重视的一种影像学表现就是脑白质病变,也称脑白质疏松。经过研究,这种影像学表现的形成机制较复杂,多种原因(如:缺血、炎症、肿瘤、代谢、营养、免疫、中毒、外伤、脑积水等)均可对脑白质产生损伤,其中造成中老年脑白质病变最多的原因是脑慢性缺血。现就近年来中老年缺血性脑白质病变的相关危险因素、发病机制、临床表现及治疗等方面作一综述。

With the development of science and technology, imaging also developed fast. Small or unobvious lesions could be clearly displayed, which couldn＇t be detected in the past. White matter lesions, also called leukoaraiosis,which was a kind of imaging finding in recent years, caused the great attention of patients, clinical doctors and medical researchers. In the past, we found that the formation mechanism of white matter lesions was complex, a variety of reasons such as inflammation, tumors, metabolic, nutrition, immune, poisoning,trauma, hydrocephalus, etc can cause white matter lesions. Among them, chronic brain ischemia was the most cause of white matter lesions in elderly patients. Now the related risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of the ischemic white matter lesions in recent years were summarized.