村级农业产业化经营体系的变迁路径分析——基于成都市郫县战旗村的实证研究

Changes in Agricultural Industrialization Operation Mode at Village Level——An Empirical Study on Zhanqi Village,Pixian,Chengdu

农业产业化是构建中国新型农业经营体系的必由之路。作为全国统筹城乡和社会主义新农村建设示范村,成都市郫县战旗村从20世纪90年代开始探索农业产业化经营,先后创造了三种村级农业产业化经营体系,即:"公司+农户"型、"村—企"型和"村—企—社"型,实现了一二三产业的互动发展,具有典型的渐进性特征,集中了土地使用权,创造出规模经济效应,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。通过对战旗村农业产业化经营的变迁路径的梳理,认为以下因素对于村级农业产业化经营体系的形成与发展产生了不同程度的作用:农村精英是该体系的引领者,土地使用权制度是该体系的基础,经济组织是该体系的核心,龙头企业是该体系的关键,农民参与是该体系的主体。

Agricultural industrialization is the route to China’s new agricultural management system. As the model village to balance urban and rural areas and of the new socialist countryside construction,Zhanqi Village began to explore agricultural industrialization from the 1990s and has created three main operation models of agricultural industrialization with the progress of time,namely,“enterprise＋farmer”,“village-enterprise”,and“village-enterprise-farmers’cooperatives”. Such progressive development has resulted in positive interaction among the three industries. By combining the land use rights,this model has created scale economics effect and has achieved good economic and social benefits. The present paper explores the three stages Zhanqi Village has gone through in agriculture industrialization and finds out that the rural elites（the leaders）,farmland property institution（the basis）,economic organization（the core）,the leading enterprises（the key）and farmers’participation （the body）have contributed to different extents to the formation and development of the agricultural industrialization operation system in the village.