高校青年教师职业倦怠的现状与缓解

The Status Quo of Young University Teachers' Job Burnout and Measures of Relieving

教师职业倦怠是指教师在长时间的职业压力下心理失衡,导致其在生理、心理、情绪情感、行为等方面表现出来的身心疲惫。近年来,随着我国高等学校青年教师队伍急剧增大,青年教师已经成为高校事业发展的一支重要力量,而在实际工作中青年教师面临来自教学、科研、住房、人际关系交往等多方面的压力,高校青年教师的职业怠倦成为普遍现象。本文以Maslach的倦怠三维度理论为基础,随机选取四川省5所高校的青年教师为调查对象,采用问卷调查方法,用职业倦怠调查普适量表作为测量工具,对现阶段我国高校青年教师的职业倦怠的现状进行调研,使用SPSS17.0统计软件处理数据,并从职业倦怠的情绪衰竭、个人成就感、去个性化三个维度进行探讨。最后结合具体情况,针对高校青年教师职业怠倦的影响因素,从主观和客观两个层面提出了缓解职业倦怠的措施。

Teacher’s job burnout refers to teachers’loss of metal balance under long-time occupational stress,which leads to mental and physical exhaustion. In recent years,young university teachers,rapidly growing in number,have become the major force in universities. However,pressures from work and interpersonal relationship make job burnout a common phenomenon among them. This paper carried out a questionnaire survey among young teachers in five universities in Sichuan based on Maslach’s three dimensions of burnout theory. And according to statistic analysis with SPSS17.0,we then discuss young university teachers’job burnout from the three dimensions of emotion exhaustion,reduced personal accomplishment,and depersonalization,and finally we suggest measures to relieve job burnout from objective and subjective aspects.