建筑物内爆泄压口冲击波参数工程算法研究

Engineering arithmetic for internal blast waves parameters in venting area of building structures

建筑物内部爆炸泄压口冲击波参数的确定对于建筑物结构毁伤评估具有重要的作用,一旦泄压口冲击波参数确定以后,即可利用相应毁伤判据快速评估泄压口附近结构和设备的毁伤程度。由于内部爆炸波是初始爆炸波经过建筑物内壁面多次反射叠加作用的结果,在泄压口会形成不同于自由场的冲击波,目前还未有泄压口冲击波参数成熟的快速工程算法。为了分析泄压口冲击波参数、总结相应快速经验工程算法,在量纲分析的基础上,提出影响泄压口冲击波峰值压力和冲量相关的无量纲参数。然后利用首先利用AUTODYN软件数值仿真研究了特定当量内爆炸作用下冲击波形成的过程,分析了泄压口部冲击波压力波形,并研究了泄压口的冲击波峰参数与不同结构参数之间的关系,最后在大量数值计算的基础上总结了泄压口的冲击波参数的经验公式,为建筑物内爆毁伤评估奠定基础。

The blast waves parameters in venting area are important in damage assessment of building structures under internal blast. Once the blast waves parameters are certain,the damage level of structures and equipments near the venting area can be assessed. As internal blast wave is the superposition of multi-reflectied waves of initial blast by the inner surfaces of building structure,and the blast waves in venting area is not of the same character as free air blast waves,the traditional engineering arithmetic for blast waves parameters in venting area is not yet applicable. In the paper,based on dimensional analysis,the relationship between venting area blast wave parameters and different structure parameters was analyzed. Then the internal blast shock wave of building structure was simulated by using AUTODYN software. The evolutionary process of internal blast wave was investigated and the blast pressure wave profile in venting area was analyzed. Based on a large number of numerical simulations,the empirical equations for venting area shock waves parameters were summarized,and they can be used as the base of damage assessment of internal building blast.