认同与批判:清末留日学生的地域文化观

Identity and Criticism: on the Regional Cultural Viewpoint of Students Studying in Japan in the Late Qing Dynasty

留学异邦所造成的空间区隔和参照系的变化,不仅激发了清末各省留日学生的民族主义精神,也使他们的地域意识得到升华。在爱国先爱邦、谋国先谋邦的理念指导下,各省留学生们均强调本省对全国关系之重,期望本省在民族建国的运动中发挥领导作用。他们调查研究本省的历史地理文化状况以作为自治的基础,从而形成了一股地域文化热。留学生们一方面认同本省文化、赋予其正面价值,另一方面又对地域文化中不适应社会竞争、不符合自治需要的成份进行反思与批判,警醒同胞谋求革新。留学生们通过重新评价赋予了地域文化不同的品格,并通过创办杂志、传播新学新知等实际行动,在一定程度上改绘了本省地域文化的形象。

The space isolation and the changes of reference frame caused by studying in Japan not only inspired the na-tional spirit of students in the late Qing Dynasty,but also make their regional consciousness sublimate.Under the guidance of the idea that one should love and strive for his hometown as the first step of love and strive for his nation,the students all em-phasized that their provinces related to nation closely and hoped their provinces played a leading role in the national move-ment.As they investigated hometown historical geography and culture as the basic of province self-government,a regional culture fan formatted.On one hand,the students studying in Japan approved the regional culture and given it positive value;on the other hand,they reflected and criticized its ingredients which made the regional culture does not adapt the social com-petition and does not meet the required of self-government,alerting compatriots seek innovation.They gave the regional cul-ture a different character by reassessing its value,and redrawing its image.