众生相:民国日常生活史研究

The Multitude: the Study of the History of Daily Life in the Republican China

日常生活是人类尤其是普通民众惯常的经历和感受。日常生活史在研究内容上与社会生活史有类似之处,但它主要强调站在日常生活经历与体验的立场上观察历史、叙述历史。民国时期是中国历史上承前启后的一个重要历史阶段,日常生活既是民国历史的影子,也影响了民国历史的走向。与民国日常生活史相关的研究,多发表于上个世纪90年代中期以后,尤其是近五六年之间。这些研究大致涵盖了日常生活史的各个主要方面,一定程度上改变了民国史研究中日常生活史的失语状态。但就总体来看,自觉地以日常生活的视野进行研究者较少,尤其是缺乏个人经历、心灵体验以及对生活表象背后的意义的挖掘。

Daily life refers to people’s normal experience and feelings.The history of daily life is similar to that of social life in research contents.However,the the former research tends to observe and narrate history from a perspective of daily ex-perience.The period of the Republican China is very important,serving as a link between past and future.The daily life is an epitome,affecting the direction of the historical trend of that time.Researches about the history of daily life in the Republican China were most published after 1990s,especially in these five years.These researches have roughly covered some main as-pects of the history of daily life.Yet,generally,there are rare researches in a view of daily life,remaining short of personal experience,heartfelt feelings and the excavation of the significance behind appearances.