元代徽州路的军功家族

Military Families of Huizhou Circuit in the Yuan Dynasty

文章利用《汪氏渊源录》和《回岭汪氏宗谱》以及相关元代文集为主要参考资料,研究了元代徽州路的军功家族群体,尤其是其中的典型个案——婺源回岭汪氏。作者认为婺源回岭汪元龙、汪元圭兄弟在宋元易代之际,因为归附蒙元及"保障乡里"之功走上致身荣显的仕宦之路,他们不仅自身建立了可观的权势,而且有效地将之世代传承,以与元朝统治相始终,最终使婺源回岭汪氏家族成为"朱紫满庭"的"新安巨室"。在元代的徽州,类似的军功家族分布广泛,人数众多,深具影响。他们的出现,与元代统治者重视"根脚"的政治铨选原则紧密相关,与那些在蒙元征服战争中出现的"汉军世家"具有相似的来源和特点。

This paper studies the eminent military families of Huizhou circuit in the Yuan Dynasty based on new sources of Wangshi Yuanyuanlu （Records of the roots of Wang’s family）and Huiling Wangshi Zongpu （Genealogy of Wang’s lineage in Huiling village）.The Wang’s family who was living in Huiling village in Wuyuan county was the specific example.The author states that there were a group of martial families in Huizhou whose powers were derived from cooperation with Mongol rulers from the beginning of this time.The families’early members,therefore,built their influences in Huizhou society and could transfer it for generations to the end of the Yuan Dynasty.This phenomenon was the result of Mongol’s special recruiting prin-ciple,which was emphasizing the family background of local elite.