基于SWAT模型的黄土高原典型区月径流模拟分析

Analysis on Monthly Runoff Simulation in a Watershed of the Loess Plateau Based on SWAT Model

以黄土高原安家沟流域为研究区域,利用GIS和RS技术,建立了安家沟流域的气象数据、DEM数据、土地利用数据,成功构建了基于SWAT模型的安家沟流域水文模型。以1982—1999年作为模型的率定期,2000—2010年作为模型的验证期,对模型进行了参数敏感性分析和参数率定。其中率定期的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数Ens(0.71)、相关系数R2(0.73)和验证期的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数Ens(0.69)、相关系数R2(0.68)均达到模型模拟要求。结果表明:SWAT模型基本上能反映安家沟的月径流水文过程,具有一定的实用性,以期为安家沟流域水资源高效配置提供依据。

Anjiagou Watershed of the Loess Plateau was taken as technology, the meteorological data, DEM data, land use data of construct the hydrological model of Anjiagou Watershed based on the study area. By using GIS and RS Anjiagou Watershed were established to SWAT model. Data series from 1982 to 1999 were used to calibrate the SWAT model and period from 2000 to 2010 was employed to validate model. The values of Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient and the measured and simulation correlation in calibration period and the validation period were 0. 71, 0. 69 and 0. 73, 0. 68, respectively, meeting the requirements of model simulation. The results show that SWAT model can basically reflect monthly runoff hydrologic process in Anjiagou Watershed and has a certain practicality in terms of providing the basis for efficient allocation of water resources in Anjiagou Watershed.