邛崃山岩-土-植系统重金属元素平衡动态分析

Analysis on the Dynamic of Balance of Heavy Metal Elements in Rock-Soil-Plant System in Qionglai Mountain

通过对邛崃山境内的杉木、桢南、落叶栎类等10余种树种及其立地环境调查,以及岩石、土壤、植物样品的采集,并在室内测试分析的基础上,探索岩—土—植系统中重金属元素之间的相互关系。结果表明:As元素岩石库风化对土壤地质潜在输入最高的是广柑林地,最低的是四川桤木林地,Hg元素最高的是杜仲林地,而最低的是桤木林地;Pb元素最高的是柳杉林地,最低的是桤木林地和柑桔林地;Al,Cd元素岩石库风化对潜在土壤地质输入最高的林地类型是柑桔林地和柚子林地。落叶栎类、杉木、桢楠林内枯枝落叶对As,Hg,Pb,Cd元素归还较大,柑桔、柚类归还偏低,Al元素归还能力较强的为杉木、茶树等,柑桔类和杜仲相对归还能力较小。从单个元素库存来看,茶树、落叶栎类、马尾松等对重金属元素的吸收较大,而柳杉、杉木吸收较小。As,Hg,Al,Cd元素的土壤库变化量均有所增加,表明植物的富集量低于地质背景岩石体的风化输入量,反映了该区土壤中污染物的浓度有增加趋势;而Pb元素则有增有减。

The growing environments of more than ten tree species （Cunninghamia lanceolata, Phoebe zhen- nan, Deciduous oak） were investigated in Qionglai Mountain. According to the collection of the rock soil and plant samples, based on the lab test, the interactions of heavy metals in rock-soil-plant system were exmined. The highest potential input of As element rock weathering on soil geological repository was observed in Citrus Sinensiss plantation, the lowest was found in Alnus Cremastogyne plantation. The highest potential input of Hg element rock weathering on soil geological repository was observed in Eucommia ulmoides plantation, the lowest was found in Alnus Cremastogyne plantation. The highest potential input of Pb element rock weathering on soil geological repository was observed in Cryptomeria fortune plantation, the lowest was found in Alnus Cremastogyne and Citrus reticulate plantations. The highest potential inputs o{ A1, Cd element rock weathering on soil geological repository were observed in Citrus reticulate and Citrus grandis Plantations. The litter pool of Cunninghamia lanceolata, Phoebe zhennan, Deciduous oak has a great return of soil As, Hg, Pb, Cd,while the Citrus reticulate and Citrus grandis have a small return. The litter pools of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Camellian sinensis have a great return of soil A1, while Citrus reticulate and Eucommia ulmoides have a relatively smaller return. With respect to the single element inventory, heavy metal uptakes by Camellian sinensis, Deciduous oak and Pinus massoniana are larger, but heavy metal uptakes by Cunninghamia lanceolata and Cryptomeria fortune are smaller. The soil base change of As, Hg, A1 and Cd elements increased, indicating that weathering input enrichment plant is lower than that of the geological background of rock body and reflects that the concentration of pollutants in the soil is increasing. The soil base change of Pb increase or decrease.