春秋战国法家游学的区域流向考察

Research on the Trend of the Regions the Legalists Tour Studied during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

春秋战国时期是游学的发轫时期。春秋时期有管仲、计然、范蠡等,战国时期有李悝、商鞅、申不害、韩非之徒,法家的这些代表人物通过游学来完善并实现自己的政治主张。本文通过梳理这些法家代表人物里籍、身份,从政国家和游学国家等基本事实,划定其游学区域,并分析春秋战国时期法家游学区域的流向:游学的整体区域扩大,个人游学的范围由"国内"扩展到"国外";南北方从相对孤立到联系密切;自东方向西方延伸,最终集中于西方的秦国和三晋地区。游学丰富了当时的政治、经济、文化、思想等社会内涵,使各国之间的政治进程日渐趋同,经济发展日益同步,社会进步明显协同。

The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period of China is a time when tour stud- ying became popular. Guan Zhong,Ji Ran and Fan Li are the representatives of tour studying in the Spring and Autumn Period. Besides,other famous legalists,like Li Kui, Shang Yang , Shen Bu Hai, Shen Dao and Han Fei are leading exponents in the Warring states Period. These people are the ones who perfected and realized their politics by tour studying. This paper studies the representatives on their origins,identities, the countries they have served and toured and focuses not only on the general facts but the exact regions they toured and how the features of the regions affected history. Through elaborate analysis on the regions the pioneers of legalism tour studied ,the features and universal trend of the regions are as follows：the whole area is enlarged,individuals tours from ＂inside＇the country to ＂outside＇the country, the tour studying de- frosts the poor relationship between South area and the North area, the tour studying starts in the East part and ends up concentrating on the Qin State richs the connotation of political, economic, cult tries were becomi development and ng ob more and more the same in and San Jin area of the Western part. Tour studying en- ural, ideological and other society at that time. The coun- political process, increasing synchronization of economic vious synergy of social progress.