城市定点类公共服务供给模式及其治理机制研究

On the Provision Patterns and Governance Mechanisms of Urban Fixed-point Public Service

城市公共服务供给是改善民生的重大任务,其中城市定点类公共服务面临着三层困境:不同类型公共服务在结构配置上的失衡;公共服务在空间上供给的不均衡;公共服务在阶层间分配的差异。该问题的解决,实质上需要定点类公共服务在供给中区分服务安排者和生产者,采用政企、政社、社企、多元主体合作四种供给模式,为提升上述四种供给模式的绩效,需要设计民生资金投入保障机制、生产机制和分配机制。在政企、政社供给模式,需重点关注分配机制,在社企合作制模式中,需要重点关注民生资金投入保障机制,在多元主体合作模式中,需要平衡三种机制之间的关系。

Supplying public service is aimed at improving people＇s well-being. The urban fixed-point public service is now faced with three types of predicaments--the unbalanced distribution in different public service categories, the uneven distribution in different geographical spaces and the unequal distribution in different social classes. To handle these problems, a distinction between planners and producers should be made, and the four kinds of provision patterns should be adopted, which are the collaboration between government and market（G-M）, the collaboration between government and social organization（G-S）, the collaboration between market and social organization （ M-S ）, and collaboration among government, market and social organization （ G-M-S ）. To improve the performances of these provision patterns, the mechanisms of financial input, production and allocation should be designed. In the patterns of G-M and G-S, more attention should be paid to the allocation mechanism; in the patterns of M-S, more priority should be given to the financial input mechanism; and in the patterns of G-M-S, a balance should be struck among the three mechanisms.