交通拥挤收费研究——基于政策基础的可行性分析

Study on Traffic Congestion Charging——Feasibility Analysis Based on Policy Foundations

作为缓解交通拥堵最有效的方案之一,交通拥挤收费政策的成功案例广泛存在于发达地区。以拥挤收费政策取得显著成效的东京、伦敦、新加坡和香港等地区作为数据来源,通过对其方案内容、实施策略及政策背景等进行剖析,认为拥挤收费政策有效推行的现实基础主要包括:经济社会发展水平、公共交通服务质量和城市管理的现代化程度。在此基础上,以上海为目标案例,尝试性提出了涵盖上述三个维度、九项指标的评估框架,分析其是否具备实施拥挤收费的政策基础与现实可行性。

As one of the most effective solutions to relieving traffic congestion, congestion charging has been applied in the developed regions widely. Based on the data from Tokyo, London, Singapore, Hong Kong and some other regions where the policy has made remarkable achievements, the content, strategy and background of traffic congestion charging were analyzed. The results indicated that the implementary preconditions of congestion charging include the levels of economic and social development, the quality of public transport service and the modernization degree of urban management. Furthermore, a tentative assessment framework of three dimensions and nine indexes was proposed to analyze whether congestion charging applies to Shanghai both in policy and in practice.