地质勘查管理中的“减法”与“乘法”

Subtraction and Multiplication in the Management of Geological Exploration

李克强总理在2015年的政府工作报告中明确指出,要以政府的"减法"换取市场活力的"乘法"。在地质勘查管理中,这种"减法"与"乘法"的转化意义重大,能够带来巨大收益。政府的"减法"不是简单地减少工作量,而是不做不该做的、做好该做的。在地质勘查领域,就是不要代替企业找矿,不要指导企业找矿,而要树立企业的市场主体地位,做好服务与引导工作,规范市场,改善环境。要做好公益性基础地质工作,提高公益性产品的质量,要开展战略性新兴产业所需矿产资源的前期调查评价。影响政府"减法"的主要因素是计划经济留下的惯性思维,考核机制造成的不正确导向,以及单位利益和个人兴趣驱动等等。

The phenomenon of conflict between arable land protection and urban ecological construction is a very common problem that China faces in the urban development. The main problems include the following. The way of traditional farmland management is ＂delimiting the land by its use＂. It means delimiting the spatial boundaries of existing farmland without distinction; using unified utilization standards and management measures. Yet, the farmland need does not mean that people need the land itself. Rather it means people need the services that the farmland provided for them. Therefore, farmland management should be carried out according to the essentials of ＂delimiting the land by its suitability＂. It means choosing, developing and improving more suitable land; transforming the land which is unsuitable for long-term and stable cultivation into ecological land and construction land. On this basis, this paper suggests that we should establish the notion of national spatial service based on land function and human benefits. In accordance with the five core services of urban land in China, we should engage in our efforts to expand the connotation and scope of urban land, and strengthen urban land management and regulation. These five core services include characteristic agricultural production, special ecological conservation, science and technology innovative and creative agriculture, open landscape garden, and farming culture heritage and city card.