中国比较政治研究三十年发展述论——基于主流期刊的考察

Comparative Politics Research in China: an Overview of the Development in 30 years——Based on the Main Academic Journals

比较政治学是一门十分独特的政治学分支学科,其"比较"的方法使其讨论主题、理论视角、研究方法、分析技术等都与学科内其他分支学科相异。作为一门学科的比较政治学兴起于上世纪50至60年代的美国,这既与行为主义革命密切相关,也显著地服务于美国自身的战略考量。作为有影响力的大国,中国学界自然高度重视比较政治学研究。自20世纪80年代中期以来,学界在大量译介西方比较政治学经典理论的基础上,逐渐消化吸收相关范式和研究方法,在三十年的发展历程中形成了独特的自身发展逻辑,使作为中国的比较政治学学科渐趋成熟;但不可否认,我国的比较政治研究也表现出相当的乏力和迷茫,不但面临法理——制度主义、发展主义和后发展主义的范式冲击,也在质性研究和量化研究上深陷多元化讨论,还面临学科研究的本土化与国际化矛盾。

Comparative politics, whose topic, perspective, method and analytic technology are characterized by the ＂comparative method＂, which is a unique branch of political science. Comparative politics appeared in the USA during 1950-1960＇s as a discipline, and it was not only closely related to behaviorist revolution, but also associated with the strategic considerations of the American. The a- cademic circle of China has attached great importance to the research of comparative politics since the mid of 1980s. Undoubtedly, the discipline has gained great achievements in China, for example, many Western Classics have been introduced into the native, and some dominant paradigms and research methods have been assimilated by the academia, and what＇s more, Chinese comparative politics has formed a logic different from the Western＇s. However, some dilemmas emerged inevitably, such as the conflict between the classic for- real-legalism, developmentalism and post-developmentalism, the continual confrontation performed by qualitative research against quan- titative study, and the contradiction shown by localization and internationalization.