契约视角下知识交易属性与大学组织特征的关系

The Relationship between the Nature of Knowledge Trading and the Features of University Organization from the Perspective of Contract

大学组织通过知识契约安排将各利益相关者紧密地联系在一起,知识交易属性决定了知识契约形式,进而影响着各方行为。校方与各主体间的知识契约关系使大学组织具有控制松散性、二元权力结构、信任协作机制、组织边界模糊、协同创新等特征。大学的组织特征能够有效地抑制知识契约履约过程中存在的信息不对称、双边机会主义、要挟和协调成本过高等问题,组织治理更加依赖于信任、声誉和文化等非正式制度。适用不同知识交易属性的网络治理机制为大学治理提供了新思路。

In the university organization, the different arrangements of knowledge contracts connect the various stakeholders of a university. Trading nature of knowledge determines the characteristics of knowledge contracts and influences the behaviors of organization members. The various knowledge contracts between the university and other stakeholders generate the nature of university organization： loose organization, dual power structure, unclear boundary and cooperative innovation. The special nature of university organization can effectively restrain such problems as asymmetric information, bilateral opportunism, coercion and high transaction cost. The governance of university depends more on the non-institutional elements such as trust, reputation and culture. The network governance system which is adapted for the different properties of knowledge contracts provides a new approach to university governance.