国家教师资格统一考试对职前教师教育的影响

The Influence of National Teacher Qualification Exam on Pre-service Teacher Education

从不同角度看,国家教师资格统一考试对我国职前教师教育有不同影响,这使我国教师质量前景不明。从考试必要性角度看,统考强化了教学职业的专业性;从考试内容角度看,统考有利于提高教师质量。而从考试对象、内容和结果角度看,统考有可能损害教师教育的独特性,导致其边缘化;从考试配套制度角度看,统考使教师教育面临解制主义风险。在此背景下,应在教师资格考试制度与教师教育体系双向互动中建构教师质量:尝试给予部分师范院校和专业以一定的考试自主权;实行强制性教师教育;建立多层级的教师资格证书和考试系统。

Judging from different angles, National Teacher Qualification Exam （NTQE） exerts different influence on pre-service teacher education in China, which makes the prospect of teacher quality unclear. From the perspective of necessity, NTQE may enhance teaching professionalism; from the perspective of content, NTQE may contribute to the improvement of teacher quality. However, the exam may be detrimental to teacher education when looked at from the perspective of object, content and result as it undermines the uniqueness of teacher education and marginalizes it. And it will also lead to the deregulation of teacher education when looked at from the perspective of supporting system. In this context, teacher quality should be constructed in the bilateral interaction between the teacher qualification exam system and the teacher education system. Tentatively, autonomy in examination should be given to some normal universities and majors; compulsory teacher education should he conducted; and a multi-level system of teacher certificate and examination should be established.