结合供应链设计的产品族模块配置的主从优化

Leader-followers joint optimization of product family configuration and supply chain design

针对考虑供应链设计的产品族配置优化问题,根据对产品族模块配置与供应链协同优化问题的属性分析,提出一种新的设计理念,即产品族的模块配置与供应链设计是主从关联的。基于主从对策的决策机制,建立了这种关联协同优化的混合0-1非线性双层规划模型,该模型上层是整个产品族的配置优化,以顾客效用与成本之比为优化目标,决策产品族的模块配置;下层是相应生产供应链的设计优化,选择不同的模块供应商与不同产品的制造商并以整个生产供应链过程的成本最低为优化目标。针对模型为0-1混合非线性的特点,上下层分别采用遗传算法设计求解,并以一个简化的发电机产品族的例子来加以说明,结果表明所提双层模型能够有效解决产品族模块配置与供应链协同优化问题,并能得到较优的产品族配置方案。

Aiming at the optimization problem of product family configuration in supply chain design, according to the attributive analysis for product family module configuration and supply chain collaborative optimization, a leader-fol- lowers joint decision making model was proposed. The model consisted of two optimization levels： an upper level and a lower level. The upper level determined product family configurations by selecting the ratio of customer per- ceived utility to cost as the optimization objective. The lower level designed the supply chain of product family by choosing the lowest cost of product supply chain with different suppliers and manufacturers as the optimization ob- jective. Aiming at the 0-1 mixed nonlinear feature of proposed model, the genetic algorithm was used by upper and lower levels to solve. An example of a simple product family was provided to demonstrate the method.