考虑风险分担的多重不确定供应链决策与协调

Decision making and coordination of multi-uncertainty supply chain with consideration of risk sharing payment protocol

为分析供应和需求同时不确定的供应链中,供需扰动风险分担机制对零售商、供应商以及分散式供应链库存决策和表现的影响,基于现实提炼了三种有代表性的风险分担机制不同的支付协议,并分析了各个协议下分数式供应链的决策过程,运用绝对和相对指标对零售商、供应商和分数式供应链在各协议中的表现进行评估与对比,结果表明零售商和分散式供应链偏好需求风险分担协议,供应商偏好供应风险分担协议;针对采用不同支付协议的供应链设计了相应的协调机制,并对其参数和协调效果进行了不确定性灵敏度分析,发现供需不确定性只影响所设计协调机制的协调参数,不影响协调效果。分别假设需求服从均匀分布和正态分布,通过数值分析对所提模型及结论进行了验证和拓展。

To show the implication of risk sharing on the decision making and performance of retailer, supplier, De- centralized Supply Chain （DSC） in the supply chain which faced both supply and demand uncertainty simultaneous- ly, three representative payment protocols with different risk sharing mechanism were extracted. The decision mak- ing process of DSC in each protocol was analyzed, and the performance of retailer, supplier and DSC in each protocol was evaluated under both relative and absolute index to perform comparative analysis. The conclusions showed that the demand risk sharing protocol was preferred by retailer and DSC, and the supply risk sharing protocol was pre- ferred by supplier. The coordination mechanisms for protocols were designed respectively for different payment pro- tocols, and the sensitivity analysis of the mechanism and its parameters was performed. All these coordination mechanisms were disruption immune. The model and conclusions were verified through numerical experiment when the demand was uniformly and normally distributed.