基于降脂中药药性统计分析探讨高脂血症中医证素特点

A Statistical Analysis Based on Lipid- Lowering Drug Medicinal Properties to Investigate the Characteristics of TCM Syndrome Factor in Hyperlipemia

目的:通过对降脂中药药性统计分析探讨高脂血症中医证素特点。方法:利用CNKI等检索库针对近10年文献所报道的降血脂中药检索,对降脂中药的药性(四气、五味、归经、功效)进行聚类及主成分分析来探讨高脂血症的中医证素特点。结果:降血脂的单味中药数共140味;中药四气寒凉与温热比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),聚类及主成分分析结果示:五味共3个公因子,甘、苦、辛,分别所占成分比例为:37.6%、31.4%、18.09%,累积贡献率为87.14%,有统计学意义;归经共5个公因子,肝、肾、肺、脾、胃,分别所占成分比例为22.09%、12.45%、11.05%、10.72%,累积贡献率为70.03%,有统计学意义;功效共7个公因子,清热、补阴、理气、活血、补阳、祛痰、补气为主,分别所占成分比例为16.91%、13.24%、11.60%、11.10%、10.88%、10.24%,累积贡献率为73.99%,有统计学意义。结论:降脂中药四气以寒凉为主,五味以甘、苦、辛为主,归经主要在肝,其次为肺、肾、脾、胃,功效以清热、补阴、理气、活血、补阳、祛痰、补气为主——推测高脂血症中医病位证素主要在肝、肾、肺、脾、胃,尤与肝最为密切;中医病性证素以血热、气滞、血瘀、痰、阴虚、阳虚、气虚为主。

Objective：Through lipid - lowering drugs medicinal statistical analysis to investigate the characteristics of TCM syndrome in hyperlipemia. Methods ： Using century periodical CNKI retrieval database for cholesterol - lowering drugs reported in literatures from 2003 to 2013, by cluster and principal component analysis to explore the characteristics of TCM syndrome factor of hyperlipidemia on the medicinal properties of lipid - lowering medicine （ four properties, five flavors, channel tropism, efficacy）. Results ： The number of single lipid - lowering Chinese medicine was 140, compared between cold property with warm property, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05）. The results showed that three common factors in five flavors, sweet, bitter, pun- gent, respectively accounted for 37.6% ,31.4% , 18.09%. The cumulative contribution rate was 87.14% , with statistical signifi- cance ;five common factors in channel tropism, liver, kidney, lung, spleen, stomach, respectively accounted for the proportion of 22.09%, 12.45% ,11.05%, 10.72%. The cumulative contribution rate was 70.03% ,with statistical significance;seven common factors in efficacy, clearing heat, regulating vital energy, activating blood, eliminating phlegm, tonifying yin, tonifying yang, tonify- ing Qi,respeetively accounted for the proportion of 16.91%, 13.24%, 11.60%, 11. 10%, 10.88%, 10.24%. The cumulative contribution rate was 73.99% and there was statistical significance. Conclusion：Hyperlipidemia disease of TCM syndrome factor is mainly in the liver, kidney, lung, spleen, stomach, especially close with liver. Disease of TCM syndrome has a reputation for blood heat, blood stasis, phlegm and Qi stagnation, Qi deficiency, Yin deficiency, Yang deficiency.