土地整治区耕地质量重估方法研究

A New Method for Arable Land Quality Reevaluation in Land Consolidation Areas

研究目的:为实现国家耕地总量动态平衡和识别土地整治成效,探索土地整治区耕地质量重估方法体系。研究方法:以田块为单元,从耕地自然质量、利用便捷度和稳定性三个方面选取21个指标构建土地整治区耕地质量重估体系,并以湖北省团风县基本农田土地整理项目为例,对原有耕地和新增耕地综合质量进行重估,同时提出基于重估结果的耕地质量等别快速更新方法。研究结果:(1)重估结果与研究区实际调查结果相符,能够较好反映整治区耕地综合质量及其变化;(2)经土地整治后研究区19.6%的原有耕地质量等别有所提升,25.66%的原有耕地受整治活动对地表的扰动及工程措施局限性等因素影响,出现等别下降的情况,新增耕地质量等别整体偏低;(3)小规模、过度依赖于劳动力投入的耕地经营模式已成为制约区域耕地综合质量提升的关键因素。研究结论:研究可为类似区域土地质量重估提供参考借鉴,为占补平衡、土地整治管理等工作提供有效依据。

The purpose of this paper was to explore the method for arable land reevaluation based on the current grading dataset for achieving national arable land requisition-compensation balance and identifying the impacts of land consolidation. In the study, twenty-one indexes selected for indicating the degree of natural quality, convenient and stability for arable land-use were adopted to establish the reevaluation system. And it was applied to evaluate the arable land comprehensive quality of both original and newly increased arable land after consolidation at patch level in a case study from Tuanfeng County, Hubei Province. Moreover, a method for updating the grading results using the comprehensive evaluation output was proposed to identify the changes of regional arable land quality grades in the study. It showed that 1 ）the reevaluation results were in line with the actual survey and could measure the dynamics of the arable land comprehensive quality in local consolidation areas well; 2）though the grading of 19.6% of the original arable land had been improved to different extent after land consolidation, 25.66% of original ones possessed lower overall grades due to diverse reasons, such as frequent surface disturbance and limited consolidating and the newly increased arable land brought by the consolidation; 3）miniature agricultural development pattern highly depends on labor force was the key factors restricting the improvement of regional comprehensive arable land quality. The method for arable land comprehensive quality reevaluation and connected framework for grading update in consolidation areas could be used as references for similar land reevaluation and services for requisition-compensation balance and land consolidation managements.