从《诗经》和考古发现看周代的同姓不婚

Study on the Non-marriage between the Families with Same Surname in Zhou Period fromBook of Songs and Archaeological Findings

同姓不婚是周代婚姻习俗中一个非常突出的特点,是周代婚姻制度的基本原则。异姓姻在《诗经》等文献和周代的夫妻合葬墓以及出土的铜器铭文中都有所反映。同姓不婚的意义一是促进优生,一是具有政治意义的联姻。同姓不婚,娶于异姓,逐渐形成了同姓为兄弟、异姓为甥舅的族群形态。重人伦是周人在意识形态领域内加强思想统治的一项有力措施,被作为提倡同姓不婚的一个出发点。

Non‐marriage between the families with the same surname is a very outstanding charac‐teristic on marriage custom in Zhou Period ,w hich is the basic principle of the marriage institution in that period .The marriage of different names had reflected in some documents such as the Book of Songs and the tombstones where husband and wife were buried together as well as the words on the bronze wares in Zhou Period .The meanings that the members with the same surname did not get mar‐ried are as following ：one was to promote excellent birth ;the other was to get married for political benefit .That the members of the same surname did not marry with each other but with members of different surname had increasingly become the clan situation where members of the same surname were brothers ,of the different clan names uncle‐or‐nephew‐in‐law .Emphasis to the ethical relations was a emollient measure used to strengthen the thought governance inside the ideological realm , which was a starting point to propose the intermarriage between members of the same surname .