职业压力和人格特质对新疆部队官兵职业倦怠影响

Effect of occupational stress and personality traits on job burnout of military in Xinjiang

目的研究职业压力和人格特质对新疆维吾尔自治区陆军部队官兵（以下简称＂驻疆官兵＂）职业倦怠的影响。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取驻疆官兵819名,进行军人职业倦怠量表、艾森克个性问卷和军人职业压力量表测评。结果 1军官组驻疆官兵成就感和躯体化因子得分均高于义务兵组（P〈0.05）。文化程度初中组驻疆官兵成就感、躯体化、自我评价、人际关系因子得分和职业倦怠总分均高于高中及中专组和大专及以上组（P〈0.01）。年龄17岁~组驻疆官兵职业倦怠各因子得分和总分均高于19岁~组和〉25岁组（P〈0.01）。军龄1年~组驻疆官兵成就感、躯体化和人际关系因子得分均高于2年~组（P〈0.05）,1年~组驻疆官兵躯体化、自我评价、人际关系因子得分及职业倦怠总分均高于6~年组（P〈0.05）。2职业压力、精神质、神经质、文化程度、职别和年龄对驻疆官兵职业倦怠均具有显著预测作用（P〈0.05）。3精神质、神经质对职业倦怠有直接效应（路径系数分别为0.260 0和0.230 0）,精神质、神经质通过职业压力对职业倦怠的间接效应分别为0.022 4和0.036 4,分别占总效应（0.282 4、0.266 4）的7.9%和13.7%。结论驻疆官兵职业倦怠因职别、文化程度、年龄和军龄而异,职业压力在职业倦怠与精神质和神经质间具有部分中介作用。

Objective To study the effect of occupational stress and personality traits on job burnout of soldiers in army of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region （ hereinafter referred to as soldiers in Xinjiang）. Methods With the stratified and cluster random sampling method, 819 soldiers in Xinjiang were selected and investigated by Military Job Burnout Scale, Military Occupational Stress Scale and Eysenek Personality Questionnaire for analysis. Results i） The factor scores of sense of accomplishment and somatization of the officer group were higher than those of compulsory serviceman group （P 〈 0. 05）. The factor scores of the sense of accomplishment, somatization, self-evaluation, interpersonal relationship and the total score of job burnout of the junior high school group were higher than those of senior high school and technical secondary school group, and junior college degree or above group （P 〈 0.01 ）. All factor scores and the total score of the job burnout in the 17-18 year-old group were higher than those in 19-25 year-old and above 25-year-old group （P 〈 O. 01 ）. The factor scores of sense of accomplishment, somatization, interpersonal relationship in group of one-year military service （1 year ~〈 military years 〈 2 years ） , were significantly higher than those in group of two-year military service （2 years ~〈 military years 〈 6 years） （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The factor scores of somatization, self-tvaluation, interpersonal relationship and the total score of job burnout in group of one-year military serciee were higher than those in group of six- year military service （military years~〉6 years） （P 〈 0.05 ）. ii） The occupational stress and psychoticism, neuroticism, degree of education, job title and age had significant predictive effects on job burnout of soldiers in Xinjiang （ P 〈 0.05 ）. iii） Psychoticism and neurotieism had direct effect to the job burnout （ the standard path coefficients were 0. 026 0 and 0. 230 0）. The indirect effects of psyehoticism and neuroticism on job burnout by occupational stress were 0.022 4 and 0. 036 4, accounting for 7.9% and 13.7% respectively of the total effects （0. 282 4, 0.266 4）. Conclusion The job burnout of soldiers in Xinjiang are different by job title, degree of education, age and length of military service, occupational stress has partial intermediary role among job burnout, psychoticism and neuroticism.