中国能源消费的空间关联网络结构特征及其效应研究

Spatial Correlation Network Structure of Energy Consumption and Its Effect in China

本文基于1995—2012年中国省际能源消费数据,利用社会网络分析(SNA)方法对能源消费空间关联的网络结构特征及其效应进行了经验考察。研究发现:①中国能源消费的空间关联呈现网络结构形态;样本考察期内,空间关联的紧密程度逐步提高,等级森严的空间网络结构逐渐被打破,网络稳定性逐步增强。②上海、天津、江苏、浙江、广东等沿海省份处于网络中心位置,发挥"桥梁"和"中介"的作用。③在能源消费空间关联网络中,环渤海地区属于"双向溢出"板块,长三角和珠三角地区属于"净受益"板块,新疆和山西等资源丰富的省份属于"净溢出"板块,湖南、湖北等中部地区属于"经纪人"板块。④能源消费空间关联的整体网络紧密程度及稳定性的提升、网络等级结构的破除能显著降低能源强度,提高能源消费的空间公平性。而个体网络中心性的提升对能源强度的降低具有显著促进作用。能源消费空间关联的网络结构为能源政策的制定和实施带来严峻挑战,但为跨区域协同节能机制的构建创造了有利条件。

Based on the data of provincial energy consumption in China from 1995 to 2012,this paper uses the method of social network analysis（SNA） to empirically examine the spatial correlation network structure of energy consumption and its effect.The results show that：①China’s provincial energy consumption presents spatial correlation network structure.During the sample investigated period,network density and network connectedness gradually increase,network hierarchical structure is gradually broken,and network stability is strengthened.②The coastal provinces including Shanghai,Tianjin,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Guangdong have a high centrality and are locates in the center of the network playing a role of ＂bridge＂ and ＂intermediary＂.③In the spatial correlation network of energy consumption,Bohai Rim is bidirectional spillover block,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta is net beneficial block,Xinjiang,Shanxi and the other provinces with abundant resource are net spillover block.Hunan,Hubei and the other central areas are broker block.④The increase of the overall network density and stability and the decrease of network hierarchical degree can significantly reduce energy intensity and improve the fairness of energy consumption space.The promotion of individual network centrality plays a significant role on the reduction of energy intensity.The spatial correlation network structure of energy consumption poses severe challenges to the energy policy formulation and implementation,but creates favorable conditions for the construction of collaboration mechanism of inter-regional energy saving.