《红楼梦》家人之间拒绝言语行为特征的语用分析

Pragmatic study on characteristics of refusal speech acts among family members in A Dream of Red Mansions

以奥斯汀的言语行为理论和戈夫曼以及布朗、列文森的面子理论为基准,对《红楼梦》前六十回故事中家人之间拒绝言语行为特征进行了分析和研究。研究显示:家人之间所使用的拒绝言语行为既有犀利、自谦式直接拒绝言语行为,亦有自贬、规约式间接拒绝言语行为,其特征的复杂性无不彰显出那个时代的文化印记。

Based on J. L. Austin＇s speech act theory and Erving Goffman, Brown＆Levinson＇s face work theories, analyses were made of some characteristics of the refusal speech acts among family members in the first 60 chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions. Findings show that the refusal speech acts include direct refusal speech acts in incisive, self-abasement language and indirect refusal speech acts in self-deprecating, normative language. The complicated characteristics distinctly highlight the typical culture impressions of that epoch.